Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) provide much of the bedside care for patients in hospitals, nursing homes, and extended care facilities. They work under the direction of physicians and registered nurses and perform duties that require technical knowledge but not the professional education and training of a registered nurse. In some areas they are called licensed vocational nurses.
LPNs take and record temperatures and blood pressures, change dressings, administer certain prescribed medicines, bathe patients, care for newborn infants, and perform some special nursing procedures.
Those who work in private homes provide daily nursing care and sometimes prepare meals for the patient as well. LPNs employed in physicians' offices or clinics may perform some clerical chores and handle appointments.
Places of Employment and Eorking Conditions
Licensed practical nurses work in all areas of the country. LPNs can work in a variety of environments including hospitals, nursing homes, extended care facilities, physicians’ offices, and sometimes in private homes.
LPNs usually work a 40-hour week, but since patients require 24-hour care, they may work some nights, weekends, and holidays. They spend most of their working hours on their feet and help patients move in bed, stand, or walk. They also experience the stress of working with sick patients and their families.
LPNs face many hazards and difficulties on their jobs. They often come into contact with caustic chemicals, radiation, and infectious diseases. They may also suffer from back injuries and muscle strains when moving patients. The people they take care of may often be confused, angry, or depressed.
Qualifications, Education, and Training
Anyone interested in working as a practical nurse should have a concern for the sick, be emotionally stable, and have physical stamina. The ability to follow orders and work under close supervision is also necessary.
A high school diploma is not always necessary for enrollment in a training program, although it is usually preferred. One-year, state-approved programs are offered by trade, technical, and vocational schools; high schools; junior colleges; local hospitals; health agencies; and private institutions. Some army training programs are also state-approved.
Applicants for state licensing must complete a program in practical nursing that has been approved by the state board of nursing and must pass a written examination.
Potential and Advancement
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, there are about 719,900 licensed practical nurses. The employment outlook for LPNs is very strong, as the field is expected to grow by 16% between 2014 and 2024.
Unfortunately, despite strong anticipated growth, advancement in this field is limited without formal education or additional training. Training programs in some hospitals help LPNs complete the educational requirements necessary to become registered nurses while they continue to work part-time.
Income
On average, a licensed practical nurse earned $43,170 in 2015.
Additional Sources of Information
Communications Department National League for Nursing, New York, NY 10014
National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Service, Inc., Silver Spring, MD 20910
National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses, Inc., Raleigh, NC 27619
