Systems analysts decide what new data need to be collected, the equipment needed to process the data, and the procedure to be followed in using the information within any given computer system. They use various techniques such as cost accounting, sampling, and mathematical model building to analyze a problem and devise a new system to solve it.
Once a system has been developed, the systems analyst prepares charts and diagrams that describe the system's operation in terms that the manager or customer who will use the system can understand. The analyst may also prepare a cost-benefit analysis of the newly developed system. If the system is accepted, the systems analyst then translates the logical requirements of the system into the capabilities of the particular computer machinery (hardware) in use and prepares specifications for programmers to follow. The systems analyst will also work with the programmers to debug (eliminate errors from) a new system.
Because the work is complex and varied, systems analysts specialize in either business or scientific and engineering applications. Some analysts improve systems already in use or adapt existing systems to handle additional types of data. Those involved in research, called advanced systems designers, devise new methods of analysis.
Most systems analysts are employed by banks, insurance companies, large manufacturing firms, and data processing services. Others work for wholesale and retail businesses and government agencies.
In many industries, all systems analysts begin as computer programmers and are promoted to analyst positions only after gaining experience. In large data processing departments, they may start as junior systems analysts. Many persons enter this occupation after experience in accounting, economics, or business management (for business positions) or engineering (for scientific work).
Places of Employment and Working Conditions
Opportunities for systems analysts exist throughout the entire country.
Systems analysts usually work a normal 40-hour week with occasional evening or weekend work.
Qualifications, Education, and Training
Systems analysts must be able to think logically, to concentrate, and to handle abstract ideas. They must be able to communicate effectively with technical personnel such as programmers as well as with those who have no computer background.
High school should include as many mathematics courses as possible, as well as courses in computer programming, if possible.
Because job requirements vary so greatly, there is no universally accepted way of preparing for a career as a systems analyst. A background in accounting, business administration, or economics is preferred by employers in business. Courses in computer concepts, systems analysis, and data retrieval techniques are good preparation for any systems analyst.
Many employers require a college degree in computer science, information science, or data processing. Scientifically oriented organizations often require graduate work as well as some combination of computer science and a science or engineering specialty.
Because technological advances in the computer field come so rapidly, systems analysts must continue their technical education throughout their careers. This training usually takes the form of one- and two-week courses offered by employers, computer manufacturers, and software (computer systems) vendors.
The Institute for Certification of Computer Professionals confers the designation of certified data processor (CDP) on systems analysts who have five years of experience and who successfully complete a core examination and exams in two specialty areas.
Potential and Advancement
The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that the demand for systems analysts will grow by 21% between 2014 and 2024. College graduates who have had courses in computer programming, systems analysis, and data processing will have the best opportunities, while those without a degree may face some competition for the available jobs that don't require a degree.
Systems analysts can advance to jobs as lead systems analysts or managers of systems analysis or data processing departments.
Income
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for systems analysts in 2015 was $85,800.
Additional Sources of Information
- Association for Systems Management
- Institute for the Certification of Computer Professionals
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Related jobs include computer programmer, actuary, statistician, computer network architect, database administrator, and operations analyst.
